kidney stones

Nephrolithiasis-associated bone disease: pathogenesis and treatment options

Nephrolithiasis remains a formidable health problem in the United States and worldwide. A very important butunderaddressed area in nephrolithiasis is the accompanying bone disease. Epidemiologic studies have shown that osteoporotic fractures occur more frequently in patients with nephrolithiasis than in the general population. Decreased bone mineral density and defects in bone remodeling are commonly encountered … Leggi tutto

Calcium Oxalate Nephrolithiasis and Gut Microbiota: Not just a Gut-Kidney Axis. A Nutritional Perspective

Recent studies have shown that patients with kidney stone disease, and particularlycalcium oxalate nephrolithiasis, exhibit dysbiosis in their fecal and urinary microbiota comparedwith controls. The alterations of microbiota go far beyond the simple presence and representation ofOxalobacter formigenes, a well-known symbiont exhibiting a marked capacity of degrading dietaryoxalate and stimulating oxalate secretion by the gut … Leggi tutto

Retention and growth of urinary stones: insights from imaging

Recent work in nephrolithiasis has benefited from 2 special kinds of imaging: endoscopic study of patient kidneys with high-quality instruments, and examination of stones with microscopic computed tomography (micro CT). The combination of these has provided new evidence that there is more than 1 mechanism by which stones are retained in the kidney until they … Leggi tutto

Update on Hereditary Kidney Stone Disease and Introduction of a New Clinical Patient Registry in Germany

Kidney stone disease is an increasingly prevalent condition with remarkable clinical heterogeneity, with regards to stone composition, age of manifestation, rate of recurrence, and impairment of kidney function. Calcium-based kidney stones account for the vast majority of cases, but their etiology is poorly understood, notably their genetic drivers. As recent studies indicate, hereditary conditions are … Leggi tutto

ABCC6 Deficiency Promotes Development of Randall Plaque

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the ABCC6 gene that result in low pyrophosphate levels and subsequent progressive soft tissue calcifications. PXE mainly affects the skin, retina, and arteries. However, many patients with PXE experience kidney stones. We determined the prevalence of this pathology in patients with PXE and examined … Leggi tutto