Result. We have included a total of 11635698 participants who experienced nephrolithiasis 44 from a total of six clinical studies with nephrolithiasis rates of 1,27% in the SGLT2i group (n 45 = 739197), compared to 1,56% in the control arm (n = 10896501). SGLT-2 inhibitor therapy 46 has been associated with a lower risk for nephrolithiasis compared … Leggi tutto
Nephrolithiasis is a multifactorial disease affecting >10% of the population worldwide. In this chapter we discuss the pathophysiology of frequent kidney stone types, describe metabolic workup and preventative approaches commonly used in kidney stone formers and review urological techniques for stone removal. 0
The lifetime incidence of kidney stones is 6%–12% in the general population. Nephrolithiasis is a known cause of acute and chronic kidney injury, mediated via obstructive uropathy or crystal-induced nephropathy, and several modifiable and non-modifiable genetic and lifestyle causes have been described. Evidence for epidemiology and management of nephrolithiasis after kidney transplantation is limited by … Leggi tutto
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with an increased risk of kidney stones. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) might lower the risk of nephrolithiasis by altering urine composition. However, no studies have investigated the association between SGLT2i use and nephrolithiasis risk in patients receiving routine care in the US. After 1:1 propensity score matching, a … Leggi tutto
… A more comprehensive method combining careful morphologic examination of the surface and the section of stones with detailed FTIR analysis of the nature, location, crystalline phases and a respective proportion of stone constituents, therefore termed ‘morphoconstitutional’ analysis, as used in our laboratory for four decades provides more complete etiologic information. In common idiopathic CaOx … Leggi tutto
Crystalluria is a marker of urine supersaturation with substances deriving from metabolic disorders, inherited diseases or drugs. The investigation of crystalluria must be done according to a protocol which includes the delivery to the laboratory of a proper urine sample, the use of a microscope equipped with polarized light, the accurate knowledge of urine pH, … Leggi tutto
Crohn’s disease with diarrhea predisposes to calcium oxalate stones primarily because of enteric hyperoxaluria from fat malabsorption and saponification resulting in usage of calcium and less formation of insoluble calcium oxalate salts in the intestinal lumen. There is thus increased gastrointestinal oxalate absorption leading to increased urinary oxalate excretion. Other factors include increased oxalate colonic mucosa permeability and gastrointestinal tract decolonization of the … Leggi tutto
Patient 1, a girl with infantile oxalosis, was homozygous for c.731T→C (of unclear predicted pyridoxine sensitivity). She underwent intensive dialysis for 10 months before the initiation of lumasiran treatment, followed by 13 months of intensive dialysis plus lumasiran. At 3 years of age, she underwent isolated kidney transplantation from a deceased donor; the plasma oxalate level at the … Leggi tutto
The authors hypothesized that glycolic acid derivatives contained in hair-straightening products could be absorbed through the skin and metabolized into oxalate by the liver, thereby leading to calcium oxalate nephropathy 0